天津市和平区2009-2018年丙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of viral hepatitis C in Heping district in Tianjin,2009-2018

目的分析天津市和平区2009-2018年丙型病毒性肝炎的流行特征,为制定丙肝防控政策、开展宣传教育提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法统计分析和平区丙型病毒性肝炎病例的流行病学特征,率的比较采用χ~2检验。结果和平区2009-2018年共报告丙型病毒性肝炎病例240例,发病率由2009年5. 61/10万上升至2018年12. 26/10万,各年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=18. 732,P <0. 01)。高发地区依次为劝业场街、南营门街和南市街。男性发病率略高于女性,男女发病率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0. 953,P> 0. 05)。报告病例数最多的职业是离退人员,占40. 38%,其次是家务及待业,占19. 72%。发病年龄主要集中在45~74岁,年龄别发病率呈现出三次高峰,分别为60~64岁、70~74岁和85岁以上年龄组,各年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=80. 003,P <0. 01)。结论天津市和平区2009-2018年丙肝发病呈现上升趋势,相关部门应密切关注采取综合性预防措施,有效控制丙肝流行。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C in Heping district of Tianjin from 2009 to2018,provide scientific evidence for formulating the prevention and control policy and carrying out propaganda. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C patients in Heping district,comparisons of proportions were performed using the Chi-square test. Results A total of 240 hepatitis C cases were reported from 2009 to 2018. The incidence increased from 56. 1/100 000 in 2009 to 12. 26/100 000 in 2018. The incidence was significant difference in ten years( χ~2= 18. 732,P < 0. 01). The high incidence regions mainly clustered in Quanyechang street,Nanying Men street and Nanshi street. There were more male hepatitis cases than the female,but there was no statistical difference in gender distribution( χ~2= 0. 953,P > 0. 05). The largest number of reported cases were the retirees,with the percentage of 40. 38%,followed by the housework and unemployment( 19. 72%). High incidence was observed in 45-75 years old. Age-specific rate showed three peaks in 60-64 age group,70-74 age group and > 85 age group;and there was significant difference in different age groups( χ~2= 80. 003,P < 0. 01). Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis C is on the rise in recent years. Comprehensive preventive measures are needed to control the epidemic of hepatitis C。