藏药甘青青兰多糖提取工艺优化及含量测定

Optimization of extraction technology and content of polysaccharides from Tibetan medicine Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.

目的:优化藏药甘青青兰多糖提取工艺,并测定分析其不同时期、不同地区、不同部位多糖含量,为其产业化开发和质量评价提供参考。方法:采用水提醇沉法提取多糖,采用正交实验设计法优化多糖提取工艺,采用硫酸-苯酚法测定多糖含量。结果:提取工艺较佳条件为:料液比1∶40,提取时间30min,提取温度80℃;不同时期多糖含量由高到低依次为:7月>8月>4月>5月>9月>6月>10月;甘青青兰多糖含量大通县最高,西宁市最低;不同部位多糖含量具有显著差异,根、茎、叶、花中含量分别为5.85%、4.40%、5.02%、6.49%。结论:各因子对多糖提取率的影响大小为:料液比>提取时间>提取温度;如以多糖含量为考察指标,青海大通县甘青青兰品质较佳,且适宜采集期为7月中旬。

Objective:To optimize the extraction technology of the polysaccharide from Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.,and to determine the content in different periods,different regions and different parts,and provide reference for its industrialization development and quality evaluation.Methods:The polysaccharide was extracted by water extraction alcohol immersion method,the polysaccharide extraction process was studied by single factor comparison and orthogonal experiment design method,the content was determined by sulfuric acid-phenol method.Results:Better conditions for the extraction process:liquid ratio 1∶40,extraction time 30min,extraction temperature 80℃.The content of polysaccharide in different periods was that:July>August>April>May>September>June>October.The highest content of polysaccharide in different areas was Datong County,Xining city was the lowest.The content of polysaccharide in different parts has significant differences,the contents of polysaccharide were 5.85%,4.40%,5.02%,6.49%for roots,stems,leaves and flowers,respectively.Conclusion:The effects of each factor on the extraction rate from large to small is:material-liquid ratio>extraction time>extraction temperature;the best collection time of Qinghai is July,and the collection place is Datong County in Qinghai province.