碳纤维/环氧树脂仿贝壳珍珠层结构强韧机制与性能优化的实验研究

Experimental study on the toughening mechanism and performance optimization of carbon fiber/epoxy based nacre-like structure

材料的轻量化设计在生产实践中具有重大意义,将天然贝壳珍珠层结构应用到现有的高性能人工合成材料上,能够获得性能更加优异的轻质高强结构材料。本文采用碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料,设计出了多种具有规则"砖-泥"交错叠层结构的仿贝壳珍珠层复合材料,通过力学性能测试实验、微观结构表征及力学原理分析等对不同片层单元长度及不同单元搭接形式的材料在拉伸载荷下的力学行为进行了研究,探索了其微观结构对材料强度和韧性的影响机制。结果表明,"砖-泥"交错叠层结构中"砖块"单元长度是影响材料强度和韧性的关键因素,而在此基础上通过对片层搭接形式的优化设计,可进一步改善其内部的应力分布与载荷传递机制,从而实现其强度和韧性的进一步提升与有效调控。

The lightweight design of materials is of great significance in production practice.The structure characteristic of shell nacre can be applied to the existing high performance synthetic materials to obtain the lightweight and high strength materials with better performance.In this paper,the carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites were used as raw materials to prepare a variety of nacre-like composites with regular"brick-mortar"staggered lamination structure.The mechanical behavior of these composite materials with different length and overlap ratios of lamellar elements under tensile loading was studied by means of mechanical property test experiment,microstructure characterization and mechanical analysis,and the influence of microstructure on the strength and toughness of materials was also explored.The results show that the length of the"brick"element in the"brick-mortar"staggered lamination structure is a key factor that may affect the strength and toughness of materials.On this basis,through the optimal design of the overlapping form of lamellar elements,the internal stress distribution and load transfer can be further improved,so as to realize the further enhancement and effective regulation of their strength and toughness.