基于可控负荷提升风电接纳能力的优化调度

Optimized Scheduling for Improving Wind Power Accommodation Ability Based on Controllable Load

针对我国"三北"地区冬季供暖期的高热负荷、低电负荷问题,在构建多区域热电厂侧配置蓄热式电锅炉作为可控负荷的热电联合调度模型的基础上,利用改进的粒子群优化算法迭代寻优,对弃风电量供热、风电就地接纳、风电并网水平等问题进行探究。建立计及弃风因素与可控负荷影响的电网优化调度的双层优化模型:上层优化是可控负荷的负荷优化问题,通过优化调度可控负荷的方式,以可控负荷购电成本最小化为目标;下层优化是电网的发电优化问题,通过电网调度的方式,以全网发电成本最小化为目标,为上层优化提供电网实时电价。对所建模型进行算例仿真,通过KKT条件将双层优化模型转换为具有均衡约束的单层优化模型后使用MATLAB软件优化求解。结果表明:在负荷低谷的弃风时段蓄热及区域间协调送电供热能够高效利用蓄热罐的蓄放热能力,提升风电接纳与优化机组成本。

Aiming at the problem of high heat load and low power load during the winter heating period in the Three North region,the combined heating and power dispatching model is built with the heat storage electric boiler equipped in multi-region thermal power plants as controllable load.The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to iteratively find the solution.The problems of heating up by curtailed wind power,wind power local consuming,and wind power accommodation ability are studied in this paper.A bi-level scheduling optimization model is established that takes into account the influence of wind power curtailment and controllable loads.The upper-level optimization is to minimize electricity purchase cost of controllable load by scheduling it.The lower-level model is to minimize power generation cost by scheduling the units and provide the spot electricity price to the upper-level model.The case study is carried out,in which the bi-level optimization model is transformed into a single-level optimization model with equilibrium constraints by KKT condition and then solved by Matlab.The optimization results show that the heat storage during the wind power curtailment period and the coordinated heat supply between the regions can effectively utilize the heat storage capacity of the heat storage tank,improve the wind power acceptance and optimize the unit generation cost.