三坊七巷小黄楼庭院空间的气候适应性模拟

The Climate Adaptability Simulation of Courtyard Space of the House of Huang Family in Three Lanes and Seven Alleys

为探究植被对人体舒适度的影响及庭院在极端季的微气候环境,文章以福州古典园林典型庭院小黄楼东花厅为研究对象,运用ENVI-met建立实际模拟和仅乔木模拟两种方案进行对比研究,并对实际方案进行量化模拟研究。结果表明:1)当乔木覆盖率达40%时,从时间和空间维度,两种方案的PMV值拟合度均较高,此时乔木对人体舒适度有强烈影响;2)夏季9∶00-17∶00,冬季9∶00前、17∶00后游人不宜长时间在室外活动,应适当调整小黄楼这类庭院的开放时间,如延长夏季开放时间;3)应加大对传统庭院与建筑的宣传保护力度,适当开展戏曲、灯展等文教活动,弘扬传统文化;或将庭院景观与灯景结合,提升景观观赏价值。

To explore the effects of vegetation on human thermal comfort and to study the outdoor microclimate of the courtyard during extreme weather,this paper takes the House of Huang Family,a typical courtyard of Fuzhou classical garden,to conduct a comparative study of two scenarios established by ENVI-met,i.e.,a real scenario and a arbor scenario,and make a quantitative simulation study of the real scenario.The analyses show that:1)When the arbor coverage rate reaches 40%,the Goodness of Fit of PMV of two scenarios are very high in temporal and spatial dimensions,indicating that arbors have a strong impact on human comfort;2)9∶00-17∶00 in summer and the time before 9∶00 and after 17∶00 in winter are the time unsuitable for people to have long-time outdoor activities,and therefore the opening time of the courtyard of the House of Huang Family should be appropriately adjusted,such as extension of the opening time;3)It should increase the protection of traditional courtyards and architecture,such as the cultural activities of dramas and light shows,to promote traditional culture,and also combine the courtyard landscape with the light landscape to enhance the visual value of landscape.