琼北传统村落的人居环境空间形态特征

The spatial characteristics of human settlements in the traditional villages of Northern Hainan

文章以琼北传统村落为研究对象,通过GIS技术与方法,首先从宏观视角分析琼北传统村落的分布与地形地貌、水系分布、产业水平等因素的相关性,再从微观层面探讨水体、地形和气候因素对琼北村落空间形态的影响。研究结果发现,琼北传统村落主要可分为4个聚集片区;琼北传统村落的宏观分布与水系、高程、坡度等因素关联紧密,与坡向关联稍弱,主要分布在河流周边,以及高程较低、坡度较缓的区域;琼北传统村落微观形态大体可分为散点型、线型、树型和整饬型4类,水体、地形和气候对其微观单元空间形态构成重要影响。

This paper takes the traditional villages in northern Hainan to analyze the correlation between the location of traditional villages and the topography,water distribution and industrial level and then explore the impact of water bodies,terrain and climate factors on the spatial morphology of these villages from a micro perspective by using ArcGIS software.The study finds that the traditional villages in northern Hainan can be divided into 4 clusters;the location of these traditional villages is closely related to factors such as water system,elevation and slope,and slightly related to the slope aspect,which decide that these traditional villages are mostly distributed in the areas around rivers at lower elevations and slower slopes;the micro-morphology of these traditional villages in northern Hainan can be roughly divided into four types.Water bodies,topography,and climate have important effects on the spatial morphology of micro-units.