普惠金融体系下小微企业的生命周期管理——基于反洗钱等整合视角

Life Cycle Management of SMEs in the Inclusive Finance System:Based on an Integrated Perspective of AML etc.

基于普惠金融、生命周期管理等跨学科领域,运用编码分析和类型学方法,从反洗钱的视角探索小微企业的成立动机和发展方向,并据此进行了类型划分。分析小微企业“融资难”“融资贵”的原因,以及银行等金融机构在小微企业融资过程中的正向选择和逆向选择,指出要特别警惕将小微企业作为主体非法吸收公众存款获利、骗贷获利从而给社会带来较大危害的两种“恶性逆向选择”。在此基础上,提出三点建议:一是在普惠金融供给侧引入大数据、人工智能等新技术提高小微企业的融资效率,二是在普惠金融需求侧提供模拟体验和培训,引导小微企业延展生命周期,三是在普惠金融监管侧完善指标体系并加大政策扶持。

Based on the interdisciplinary fields such as inclusive finance,life cycle management,the author attempts to explore the motivation and development direction of SMEs by the encoding analysis and the typological method,from the perspective of AML.The author analyzes the reason for“financing difficulties”and“financing expensive”for SMEs,and the favorable and adverse selection by the bank and other financial institutions for SMEs financing.The research shows that SMEs illegally absorbing public deposits and profiting as the main body of fraudulent loans are two types of“malignant adverse selection”need to be precautious,which are likely to bring great harm to society.In this regard,the research proposes three suggestions.First,introducing new technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence on the supply side of inclusive finance to improve the financing efficiency of SMEs.Second,providing simulation experience and training on the inclusive financial demand side to expand SMEs’life cycle.Third,improving the indication system on the inclusive financial supervision side and increasing targeted support.