基于健康行动过程取向模型的健康行为干预策略对支气管哮喘患者用药依从性的影响

Effects of health behavior intervention strategies based on health action process approach model on medication compliance of asthma patients

目的探讨基于健康行动过程取向模型(HAPA)构建的健康行为干预策略对哮喘患者用药依从性的影响。方法选取2018年7月至2019年3月呼吸内科门诊就诊的哮喘患者405例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组205例,对照组200例,对照组实施常规用药指导与健康教育,观察组实施基于HAPA构建的健康行为干预策略。比较干预前后2组哮喘患者用药依从性。结果干预后3个月观察组患者行为改变阶段明显前移(Z=-5.999,P<0.01),其中处于行动阶段的患者比例最高,为58.7%(98/167);干预后1、3个月观察组患者的用药依从性得分依次为(40.34±4.20)、(44.05±3.49)分,对照组依次为(33.25±5.05)、(34.89±4.19)分,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(t值为13.895、21.646,P<0.01)。结论基于HAPA的哮喘患者健康行为管理有助于提高患者用药依从性,对构建哮喘患者规范的用药行为具有积极的指导意义。

Objective To explore the influence of health behavior intervention strategies based on health action process approach model on medication compliance of asthma patients.Methods Selected in July 2018 to March 2019 in the respiratory medicine clinics,405 cases of patients with asthma as the research object,205 cases were randomly divided into observation group and control group 200 cases,control group to implement regular medication guidance and health education,group implementing general guidelines and based on the health action process approach model building model of health education.The compliance of asthma patients before and after intervention was compared between the observation group and the control group.Results After 3 months intervention,the behavior change stage of the observation group was significantly advanced(Z value was-5.999,P<0.01),among which the proportion of patients in the action stage was the highest 58.7%(98/167).After intervention 1 month and 3 months,the compliance scores of patients of the observation group were 40.34±4.20 and 44.05±3.49,and those in the control group were 33.25±5.05 and 34.89±4.19.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t values were 13.895,21.646,P<0.01).Conclusion The model of health education for asthma patients based on health action process approach model is helpful to improve the medication compliance of patients,and has a positive guiding significance for the construction of healthy lifestyle of asthma patients.