温情·美德·身份——从菲茨杰拉德四部长篇小说析其顺从型人格

Love,virtue and identity:An analysis of Fitzgerald′s compliant personality through his four novels

由于人的性格因素对作者塑造其文学话语具有重要作用,运用新精神分析学派卡伦·霍妮的性格理论,分析司科特·菲茨杰拉德(菲氏)的顺从型人格在其已完成的四部长篇小说中的再现。研究发现:菲氏通过文学创作抒发自我思想意识和极度渴望温情、赞许和友爱的主导人格;菲氏在金钱至上的社会文化背景下,通过升华、他者化、怀旧等防御策略体系调节自我与外部世界的矛盾,并通过其文学作品构建并一再强化当时稀有的、坚守道德底线的"伟大的殉道者"的自我形象。文章能为更好地理解菲茨杰拉德的顺从型人格,及其文学作品主题、人物形象及命运之间的关系提供一条新精神分析的路径。

As human personality plays an important role in shaping the writer′s literary discourse,this article analyzes the reappearance of the compliant personality of Scott Fitzgerald in his four novels by the character theory of Karen Honey who belongs to the neo-psychoanalysis school.It is found that,Fitzgerald expressed his ideology and dominant character of extremely longing for love,praise and fraternity through literary creation.Under the socio-cultural background of money supreme,Fitzgerald adjusted the contradiction between himself and external world through the defense strategy systems of sublimation,otherness and nostalgia,and repeatedly intensified rare self-image of the"great martyr"who adheres to the moral bottom line through his literary works.The paper can provide a new path of neo-psychoanalysis for a better understanding of the relationship between Fitzgerald′s compliant personality and the theme,character image and destiny of his literary works.