辽宁省城市地区≥40岁居民脑卒中患病现状及其相关危险因素分析

Prevalence and related risk factors of stroke among urban residents aged 40 years or older in Liaoning province

目的分析城市≥40岁居民脑卒中患病特征及其相关危险因素,为制定综合有效的脑卒中防控策略提供参考依据。方法于2018年3月-2019年2月对辽宁省辽阳市弓长岭区和刘二堡以及丹东市振安区5424例≥40岁的常驻居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查,采集脑卒中患病特征及其相关危险因素资料。结果辽宁省城市≥40岁居民脑卒中患病人数为292例,脑卒中患病粗率为5.4%,男性高于女性(7.2%vs 4.4%,P<0.001)。脑卒中标化患病率为3.8%,男性和女性分别为4.8%和3.4%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(OR=2.25,95%CI=1.75~2.97)、超重或肥胖(OR=1.35,95%CI=1.03~1.77)、缺乏锻炼(OR=1.86,95%CI=1.31~12.65)、高血压(OR=2.84,95%CI=2.08~3.89)、糖尿病(OR=1.93,95%CI=1.49~2.50)、脑卒中家族史(OR=2.13,95%CI=1.64~2.78)等是脑卒中患病的主要危险因素。结论辽宁省城市地区≥40岁居民脑卒中患病率较高,疾病负担较重,亟待开展积极有效的脑卒中相关危险因素综合干预。

Objective To examine the prevalence and related risk factors of stroke among urban residents in Liaoning province and to provide evidences for developing effective measures on stroke prevention and management.Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling,we conducted a survey on stroke and its associates among 6349 residents aged ≥40 years in three urban districts of two municipalities of Liaoning province between March 2018 and February 2019.The survey included questionnaire interviews,physical examinations and laboratory detections.Results Among 5424 residents completing the survey,292 stroke patients were identified and the crude stroke prevalence rate was 5.4%,with a significantly higher prevalence in the male participants than in the female participants(7.2% vs.4.4%,P<0.001),and the standardized prevalence of stroke was 3.8%(4.8% for male and 3.4% for female participants).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender(odds ratio[OR]=2.25,95% confidence interval[95%CI]:1.75-2.97),overweight or obesity(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.03-1.77),lack of physical exercise(OR=1.858,95%CI:1.31-12.65),hypertension(OR=2.84,95%CI:2.08-3.89),diabetes(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.49-2.50),and family history of stroke(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.64-2.78)were major risk factors for stroke.Conclusion The prevalence of stroke was high among urban residents at ages of 40 years and above in Liaoning province,suggesting that comprehensive and effective interventions on risk factors of stroke should be promoted in the population.