辽宁省农村地区≥40岁居民脑卒中合并危险因素及控制情况分析

Prevalence of stroke and comorbidity of risk factors among 40 years old and above residents in among rural areas of Liaoning province

目的评价辽宁省农村地区脑卒中存活患者合并危险因素及控制情况,为提高脑卒中存活患者预后制定有效的干预措施提供依据。方法本横断面研究于2017年9月-2018年5月在凌源市、东港市、朝阳县及辽阳县对10926名常驻居民进行调查(年龄≥40岁),通过问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查,评价脑卒中存活患者合并主要危险因素及控制情况。结果调查共确诊731例脑卒中患者。脑卒中患者合并危险因素较多,其中高血压的患病率可达86.7%,无明显性别差异。糖尿病、血脂异常及超重或肥胖患病率分别为24.5%、37.2%和59.6%,女性高于男性(28.3%vs 20.8%,P=0.015;46.7%vs 28.0%,P<0.001;65.0%vs 54.4%,P=0.004),脑卒中患者吸烟及饮酒比例为24.4%和18.7%,男性高于女性(P<0.001)。此外,卒中患者高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的知晓、治疗、控制率较低(6.3%,55.3%,11.1%),女性卒中患者血脂异常控制率低于男性(5.4%vs 20.2%,P<0.001)。结论辽宁省农村地区脑卒中存活患者合并危险因素比例较高,慢性病控制率低。不同性别患者合并危险因素情况不同,亟待制定针对性、有效的危险因素防治策略。

Objective To estimate stroke prevalence and comorbidity of risk factors and their control among permanent middle aged and elderly residents in rural areas of Liaoning province for providing evidences to effective interventions on prognosis of stroke patients.Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling,we recruited 12808 permanent residents aged≥40 years in rural regions of 2 prefectures and 2 counties of Liaoning province and conducted questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test to collect information on stroke and its risk factors among the residents between September 2017 and May 2018.Results Of the 731 stroke patients identified among the 10926 residents completing the survey,86.7% had the comorbidity of hypertension and the prevalence rate of diabetes,dyslipidemia,and overweight/obesity were 24.5%,37.2%,and 59.6% among the stroke patients,respectively.Compared to the male patients,the female patients had higher comorbidities of diabetes(28.3% vs.20.8%,P=0.015),dyslipidemia(46.7% vs.28.0%,P<0.001),and overweight/obesity(65.0% vs.54.4%,P=0.004);but there was no gender difference in hypertension prevalence in the stroke patients.Low control rate of hypertension(6.3%),diabetes(55.3%),and dyslipidemia(11.1%)were reported by the stroke patients.The reported control rate of dyslipidemia was significantly lower among the female patients than among the male patients(5.4% vs.20.2%,P<0.001).Conclusion The comorbidity of stroke risk factors is relatively high but the control rate of these risk factors is low among the stoke patients in rural regions of Liaoning province,suggesting that specific and effective interventions on the risk factors should be developed for the population.