电化学储能应用于电网频率安全防御三道防线的探讨

Discussion on Application of Electrochemical Energy Storage in Three Defense Lines of Power Grid Frequency

随着特高压直流的推广应用及新能源发电占比的不断提高,电网暂态频率安全保障技术面临着严峻挑战。电化学储能作为一种潜力巨大的灵活控制资源引起了广泛关注。从中国电网频率安全防御的三道防线着眼,基于储能的快速功率调节特性,分析了储能在频率稳定预防控制、紧急控制和校正控制中的定位,以不同场景下电网运行频率的控制目标为依据,探讨了面向暂态频率安全保障的电化学储能的容量配置技术要点,包括时域仿真中的计算条件选择、与传统控制措施的协调配合等方面,然后针对推动储能技术规模化应用中面临的主要问题,指出应在适应多应用场景的储能优化配置、储能电站优化运行模式研究、储能全生命周期的效益分析等研究方向开展深入研究。

With the promotion and application of ultra-high-voltage direct current(UHVDC)and the continuously increasing proportion of renewable energy generation,the technology to ensure system transient frequency security is facing severe challenges.Electrochemical energy storage has attracted widespread attention as a potential flexible control resource in the power system.From the perspective of the three defense lines of frequency security defense system in the power grid of China,the function of energy storage in the prevention control,emergency control and correction control of frequency stability is analyzed based on the fast power regulation characteristics of energy storage.According to the control target of power grid frequency in different scenarios,the key technology points of capacity allocation for electrochemical energy storage to support transient frequency security are discussed,including the selection of calculation conditions in time-domain simulation,coordination with traditional control measures,etc.Then,aiming at the main problems in promoting the large-scale application of energy storage,the further research such as the optimal configuration of energy storage adapting to multiple application scenarios,optimal operation modes of energy storage power stations and the benefit analysis of the entire life cycle of energy storage should be carried out.