露地葡萄蓟马种群消长规律和空间分布研究

Thrips Population Fluctuation and Spatial Distribution of Grapes in Open Field

为摸清宁夏露地葡萄蓟马种群消长规律和空间分布,于2011年进行了调查研究。从各项聚集度指标、空间分布型适合度卡方(x2)检验及单因素随机区组设计分析看,蓟马在露地葡萄上整体呈聚集分布,但田间南、北方位无差异。以虫态来说,在整个葡萄生育期均以成虫危害为主,尤其在种群迁移发展阶段5月26日左右成虫虫口数量达到高峰,虫口密度达到339头/株;若虫也从5月中下旬到6月下旬持续增加达到高峰,最高虫口密度达到了199头/株,之后若虫消退,但一直以成虫危害为主。从虫口量比例和有虫株率看,蓟马种群的空间分布,都有从植株中层向上下层转移为害的趋势,施药时可在虫口集中部位进行重点防治。

In order to find out the population dynamics and spatial distribution of thrips of grapes in open field in Ningxia,a survey was conducted in 2011.In view of various aggregate indices,spatial distribution pattern fit chi-square test and one-factor randomized block design analysis,it was proved that thrips showed aggregated distribution on grapes in open field,but there was no differences between southern and northern field.In terms of insect status,adult pests were mainly harmful in the whole growth period of grapes,especially in the stage of population migration and development,the number of adult population reached the peak on May 26 th,and the population density reached 339 insects per plant.Nymphs also increased continuously from mid-late May to late June,reaching the peak with the highest population density of 199 insects per plant.And then the nymphs disappeared,but the damage was mainly caused by adults.According to the proportion of insect population and the rate of insect strains,the spatial distribution of thrips population has the tendency of transferring from the middle layer of plants to the upper and lower layer of plants.When applying the medicine,it is necessary to focus on the control according to the concentrated part of population size.