从语义地图看东阿方言中“可”的语义关联及虚化轨迹

On the Semantic Relevance and Virtual Path of "Ke" in Dong’E Dialect from the Perspective of Semantic Map

基于概念空间及语义地图连续性假说,通过绘制东阿方言中"可"的语义地图,划定了"可"的概念域,呈现出其在整个概念空间中的实际表征。该方言区中"可"几乎囊括了概念空间中所有结点,仅有一小部分结点未包括在内,这一分布形成了该方言自身的特色。不同结点间连线代表了各用法之间的关联,大致呈现出其发展轨迹。"可"由客观动作义逐渐发展出主观态度义,继而发展出语法功能义,意义由实变虚,虚化过程伴随着动词词性的转移,其中位置移动、主观性因素发挥了主导作用。

Based on the semantic map connectivity hypothesis and conceptual space, the semantic map of "Ke" in Dong’e dialect is drawn. The conceptual domain is drawn which reviews its actual representation in the whole conceptual space. Except for a small part of the node, "Ke" almost includes all the nodes of the conceptual space in the dialect area. This distribution forms the characteristics of the dialect itself. The connections among various usages are represented by different nodes and links. Its developmental path from the connection is traced. Ke’s meaning varies from the objective action to subjective attitude, then gradually to grammatical function with its meaning becoming vacuity. And the virtual process is accompanied by the transfer of the verb to other parts of speech, in which the moves of position and the subjective factor play the leading role.