朱珔《说文假借义证》假借研究

A Study of Zhu Jian’s Research of the“Under the Guise”

清代学者朱珔所撰《说文假借义证》是探讨假借问题的文字学专书,在清代六书学研究中有重要地位。以《义证》为研究对象,结合朱之垿所补充《凡例》,对书中假借术语如“通借”“省借”“转借”“异体假借”“形近假借”“不定谁借”“互借”“通用”“两借、连借”等进行分析,以此推断朱氏所用术语的内涵。在假借观上,朱氏确立“以义正字”的假借原则,强调“义证”的作用;认为假借是用字之法,必有本字;从理论上提出了“非必假借”的分析,匡定假借字的范围;但在某些假借问题上,将假借与引申混为一谈。

The Qing Dynasty scholar Zhu Jian’s Research of the“Under the Guise”is a literary monograph on the issue of“under the guise”,which has an important position in the study of the six books in the Qing dynasty.The connotations of the terms mentioned in Research of the“Under the Guise”are analyzed with the supplements from Zhu Zhixu’works.It is concluded that Zhu Jian has established the principles of“under the guise”and defined the scope,but confused it with extension in some cases.