一种用于中继卫星SMA系统在轨标校的新方法

A Novel In-orbit Calibration Method for SMA System of TDRSS

天基测控是国际测控领域未来发展的重要方向,而跟踪与数据中继卫星系统是天基测控的典型代表。近年来,随着中低轨卫星用户数目的显著增加,中国新一代的中继卫星系统将提供SMA服务,用于完成多个用户星的测控数传任务。为了实现良好的波束形成,必须对SMA相控阵天线进行在轨标校。目前已有的星载相控阵天线标校方法中,REV法不需要增加额外设备、实用性较强,获得了更广泛的研究,但其只适合在时间与硬件资源较宽松的条件下应用。为了提高SMA系统的使用效率,节省标校时间,提出了一种新的基于正交四相旋转的标校方法,该方法通过对接收信号的功率方程进行降维反演,能在保精度的前提下快速完成中继卫星SMA系统的在轨动态标校,标校时间远小于REV法,因此更有利于在工程实践中应用。

As a typical space-based TT&C system,the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System(TDRSS)represents an important development direction in TT&C field.In recent years,with MEO and LEO satellites increasing remarkably,S-band Multiple Access(SMA)service will be provided in the next generation TDRSS of China,which is used for realizing multi-user’s TT&C and data transmission simultaneously.In order to achieve good beam-forming effect,it’s necessary to implement in-orbit calibration for spaceborne phased array antenna.Currently,Rotating-element Electric-field Vector(REV)method is researched extensively,which holds some particular advantages compared with other calibration methods,such as avoiding additional satellite payloads.However,REV method consumes comparatively more time and hardware resources.For saving calibration time and enhancing the utilization efficiency of SMA system,a novel in-orbit calibration method based on orthogonal four-phase rotation model is presented in this paper,which can accomplish in-orbit dynamic calibration more rapidly than REV method by decreasing dimension of the power equation of the received signal.Finally,simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed calibration method.