记忆与认知:1969年云南盈江特大泥石流灾害研究

Memories and Cognition: A Study on the Extraordinary Debris Flow in Yingjiang,Yunnan in 1969

1969年云南德宏盈江县弄璋镇南怀河发生特大泥石流灾害,档案资料呈现了灾害发生原因、影响及救灾过程。研究人员尝试走入历史发生现场,以访谈方式让经历者讲述灾难细节,将灾害历史画面呈现得更为立体。访谈对象在叙述灾害经历时有性别上的明显差异,女性对灾害记忆的叙述情感更丰富、细节更敏感。在灾后的解释叙述中,诸多灾后找回的"征兆"在当地流传,征兆之意义在灾后解释,并不真正具有预警价值。近些年对灾害遗址物的祭祀表明灾害影响并未过去,随着祭祀常规化,当地或许会生成新的灾害信仰体系。

A catastrophic debris flow disaster occurred in the Yingjiang county of Yunnan province in 1969. The archives show the cause,impact and relief process of the disaster. The researchers tried to walk into the scene of the history and let the experiencer tell the details of the disaster through interviews,which makes the disaster history more three-dimensional. The interviewees had significant differences in gender when describing disaster experiences. Women are more sensitive to disaster details and emotional narratives of disaster memories are more abundant. In the post-disaster explanation narrative,many "symptoms" are recovered after the disaster are circulating locally. The meaning of the symptoms is to explain after the disaster,and it does not really have early warning value.The sacrifices to the disaster sites after the disaster show that the impact of the disaster has not passed. Perhaps a new disaster belief system will be created locally.