小直径垂钻工具推力执行机构性能测试

Performance test of the pushing actuator of the small diameter vertical drilling tool

在实施科学钻探过程中,保证超深孔上部井眼的基本垂直,是使超深孔能够顺利钻达目标层的前提条件。许多钻探工程,均是因孔斜无法控制而被迫提前终孔,从而不能钻进到预期目标深度。自动垂直钻井工具的出现打破了传统防斜、纠斜方法的屏障,使井斜控制技术得到飞速发展。当前垂直钻井工具的执行机构直径较大,所需排量高,响应速度慢,且只能结合稳定平台进行整机性能测试。因此,本文介绍了一种采用钻井液压差作为动力来源的新型小直径推力执行机构,并对其性能测试系统进行设计。通过该系统单独对新型执行机构的内部压力、推靠力、泄流量及响应速度进行测试。试验结果表明,新型执行机构结构小巧简单,工作效率高,所需排量小,响应速度快。测试系统能够在垂钻工具整体样机测试前对新型执行机构进行可行性验证。

In the process of scientific drilling,to ensure the basic verticality of the upper section of the ultra deep hole is the prerequisite for drilling the ultra deep hole to the target layer smoothly.Many drilling projects have to be completed prematurely,where the boreholes can not drill to the expected target depth due to the uncontrollable hole deviation.The availability of automatic vertical drilling tools breaks the limitation of traditional deviation prevention and correction methods,and drives the well deviation control technology to develop rapidly.At present,the actuator diameter of vertical drilling tools is large,the required displacement is high,the response speed is slow,and the whole performance test can only be carried out on the stable platform.This paper introduces a new small diameter actuator which uses mud pressure difference as the power source with the design of its performance test system.The internal pressure,pushing force,discharge and response speed of the new actuator were tested on the system separately,and the results showed that the new actuator had the advantages of small structure,high efficiency,small displacement and fast response.The test system can verify the feasibility of the new actuator before testing the whole prototype of the vertical drilling tool.