工业废盐处理处置现状研究进展

Research Progress on Status Quo of Industrial Waste Salt Treatment and Disposal

国内废盐因产量大、毒性大、处理处置困难等问题已经受到了公众和管理者的广泛关注。从工业废盐的处理技术、利用处置方式、现有管理政策等方面,综述了国内外工业废盐处理处置现状,提出了相关建议。总结如下:排海和填埋是国外含盐废水与废盐的主要处置方式,国内则主要进入安全填埋场填埋,通过物理化学法及高温处理法无害化处理后的废盐资源化水平低,此外,废盐的处理处置缺乏相关标准、环境风险评估等相关管理文件,提出了废盐源头减量、无害化处置和资源化利用相结合,源头减量优先、无害化处置保障、资源化利用强化、盐合理排放的建议。

Domestic waste salt has been widely concerned by the public and the management for its high yield,high toxicity and difficult treatment and disposal.In this paper,the present situation of industrial waste salt treatment and disposal at home and abroad is reviewed from the aspects of treatment technology,utilization and disposal methods and existing management policies.Sea discharge and landfill are the main disposal methods of saline wastewater and waste salt in foreign countries,while domestically,the waste salt mainly goes into safe landfill.The recycling level of waste salt is low after harmless treatment by physicochemical method and high temperature treatment method,in addition,treatment and disposal of waste salt lack of related standards,environmental risk assessment and other related management files.Finally,suggestions are put forward on the combination of source reduction,harmless disposal and resource utilization of waste salt,giving priority to source reduction,ensuring harmless disposal,strengthening resource utilization and reasonable salt discharge.