大学生DSM?5人格替代模型人格特质性别差异研究

Study of personality traits on differences gender college students based on DSM?5 personality replacement model

美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版(diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disor?ders,5th edition,DSM?5)的人格替代模型是诊断和评估病态人格的混合模式,应用中有帮助诊断、指导治疗的优势。对江苏省3所高校在读生使用一般资料调查表及人格替代模型的量表进行问卷调查发现,男女大学生在欺骗(t=3.524)、焦虑(t=-3.207)、抑郁(t=-2.292)、随境转移(t=-3.088)、情绪易变(t=-8.242)、敌意(t=-2.367)、回避亲密(t=-9.533)、不负责任(t=-3.169)、顺从(t=2.033)、不寻常信念(t=2.856)、退缩(t=-2.487)、冲动(t=-6.166)人格特质上存在统计学差异(P均<0.05),其他人格特质上没有显著的性别差异;负性情绪(t=-3.173)、分离(-3.893)、脱抑制(t=-4.022)人格维度性别差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01),在精神质及对抗上不存在统计学差异;不同家庭收入水平、自评健康状况以及父母文化程度的大学生群体之间性别差异的情况并不统一。人格特质及人格维度存在性别差异,且会受到父母文化程度及家庭经济水平和自身健康情况的影响。

DSM?5 personality replacement model,which have diagnosis and evaluation of pathological personality function,has be used in diagnosis and treatment.In this paper,the general information questionnaire and personality replacement model scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on students from three colleges in Jiangsu province.The study found that there were statistical differences between male and female college students in deception(t=3.524),anxiety(t=-3.207),depression(t=-2.292),situational transfer(t=-3.088),mood variability(t=-8.242),hostility(t=-2.367),avoidance of intimacy(t=-9.533),irresponsibility(t=-3.169),obedience(t=2.033),unusual belie(f t=2.856),withdrawa(l t=-2.487),and impulsiveness(t=-6.166),all with P<0.05.There were no significant gender differences in other personality traits.The gender differences in the personality dimensions of negative emotion(t=-3.173),separation(t=-3.893)and disinhibition(t=-4.022)were statistically significant,all P<0.01,and there was no statistical difference in psychosis and confrontation.The gender differences among college students with different family income levels,college students with different self?rated health conditions,and college students with parents with different educational levels are not uniform.The conclusion is that there are gender differences in personality and personality dimensions,which are affected by parents’educational level,family economic income level and their own health.