2019年我国部分地区屠宰生猪旋毛虫和弓形虫检测

Detection of Trichinella spiralis and Toxoplasma gondii in Pigs for Slaughtering in Some Regions of China in 2019

为了解我国部分地区屠宰生猪旋毛虫和弓形虫感染情况,2019年在广东(5个)、山东(4个)、云南(6个)等省份的15个大型、中小型生猪屠宰场,采集猪膈肌样品315份,用PCR方法进行旋毛虫和弓形虫病原学检测;在以上3省15个大型、中小型生猪屠宰场(每省5个),采集血清样品254份,用ELISA方法进行旋毛虫和弓形虫血清学检测。结果显示:经PCR检测,采样地区所有膈肌样品均为旋毛虫阴性,仅在云南省120份膈肌样品中检出1份弓形虫阳性;经ELISA检测,采样地区血清样品的旋毛虫和弓形虫抗体阳性率分别为1.97%和2.36%,不同省份的阳性率分布不一致,中小型屠宰场阳性率均高于大型屠宰场。结果表明,广东、山东、云南等省份屠宰生猪的旋毛虫和弓形虫携带率极低,基本可以保证猪肉的产品安全;部分地区屠宰生猪存在一定的弓形虫感染抗体,尤其是中小型屠宰场,表明此类猪群需要加强饲养环节的弓形虫感染控制。本研究为保障猪肉食品安全及饲养环节的猪旋毛虫和弓形虫感染控制提供了依据和指导。

In order to make clear the prevalence of Trichinella spiralis(T. spiralis)and Toxoplasma gondii(T. gondii)in pigs for slaughtering in some regions of China,in 2019,315 diaphragmatic samples were collected from 15 large or small and medium slaughterhouses in Yunan(5 farms),Shandong(4 farms)and Guangdong(5 farms)provinces for etiological detection by PCR;and 254 serum samples were collected from the slaughterhouses in the above three provinces(5 slaughterhouses per province)for serological test by ELISA. The results showed that,for PCR detection,all the diaphragmatic samples were negative for T. spiralis,and only one out of 120 samples from Yunnan was positive for T. gondii;for ELISA detection,the positive rates of antibodies against T. spiralis and T. gondii were 1.97% and 2.36%,respectively,with different distribution in different provinces,that was,the positive rate of small and medium slaughterhouses was higher than that of large ones. In short,the carrying rate of T. spiralis and T. gondii in the pigs for slaughtering in the above provinces was extremely low,which could ensure the safety of pork products;infection of T. gondii were presented in some regions in certain degree,especially in small and medium slaughterhouses,indicating that T. gondii should be controlled in the feeding process of such pig population. Some basis and guidance were hereby provided to safeguard the safety of pig products and to control infection of T. spiralis and T. gondii in feeding process.