稳定型咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的研究进展

Progress of Stabilization Splint in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders

稳定型咬合板(stabilization splint, SS)是颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders, TMDs)的一种常用治疗方式,其作用机制尚未完全阐明,涉及咀嚼肌、颞下颌关节、神经系统等多个方面。对于SS的设计要求,普遍认为在正中关系位上应与对合牙有最大数量的稳定接触,但对厚度和非正中运动下引导的要求仍有待明确。已有大量研究证实SS的治疗效果,其对肌筋膜痛型患者的疗效相对强于对关节内紊乱患者的疗效,与其他方式联合治疗可能获得更好的治疗效果。SS与其他治疗方式对不同类型的患者的治疗作用存在差异,各有其优势和短板,需要更多高质量研究为其临床应用提供参考。

Stabilization splint is a common treatment for temporomandibular disorders.However,its mechanism has not been fully elucidated,involving masticatory muscles,temporal-mandibular joint and nervous system.For the design requirements,it is generally accepted that there should be balanced contact at the central position.However,the design of guidance and thickness and wear time lacks recognized standards.Multiple articles have confirmed the therapeutic effect of stabilization splint.Its efficacy in patients with myofascial pain type is relatively stronger than that in patients with internal derangement.The combination of stabilization splint and other modalities may achieve better therapeutic results.The therapeutic effects of stabilization splint and other treatment methods on different types of patients are different.More high-quality studies were require to provide a reference for its clinical application.