巨噬细胞在急性呼吸窘迫综合征中的研究进展

Research Progress of Macrophages in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

急性呼吸窘迫综合征是导致危重患者高死亡率的一个重要原因。ARDS的病理生理基础是肺部炎症的急性发作,在炎症和随后的纤维增生阶段,从损伤到修复的转变是依赖于由免疫系统调节的一系列高度协调事件的活跃过程。肺泡巨噬细胞(alveolarmacrophage,AM)在ARDS炎症反应启动、维持和后续的组织修复中发挥了重要作用。不同炎症介质及细胞因子作用下AM可极化为功能完全不同的表型,分泌不同的细胞因子,介导促炎症或抑炎症反应。通过调节细胞信号传导和特征基因表达影响巨噬细胞M1/M2极化受到越来越多的关注。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论巨噬细胞的特征,ARDS中的巨噬细胞极化相关的信号通路,这将为ARDS的治疗策略提供新方向。

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is an important cause of high mortality in critically ill patients. The pathophysiological of ARDS is inflammation of the lungs, during the stage of inflammation and fibrosis, the transition from injury to repair is dependent on an active process of a series of highly coordinated events regulated by the immune system. Alveolar macrophage(AM) plays an important role in the initiation, maintenance and subsequent tissue repair of ARDS inflammatory response. Under the action of different inflammatory mediators and cytokines, AM can be polarized into a completely different phenotype, secreting different cytokines, mediating pro-inflammatory or inflammatory responses. The regulation of cell signaling and characteristic gene expression affects macrophage M1/M2 polarization. In this review, we will discuss the characteristics of macrophages, and the related signaling pathways of macrophage polarization in ARDS, which will provide new directions for ARDS treatment strategies.