夹持条件对铝钢薄板CMT点焊变形的影响

Effect of Clamping Conditions on CMT Spot Welding Deformation of Aluminum Steel Sheet

夹持条件对焊接变形存在着突出影响,为了获得变形较小的焊接件,改善焊接质量,课题组利用CMT技术对异种金属铝钢薄板搭接进行点焊试验,测出焊后板件变形;然后,在相同工艺下对铝钢薄板试样的点焊进行有限元仿真,得到样件的变形规律,并与试验测量数据进行对比,验证了焊接仿真的可靠性;最后,采用响应面法建立夹持点位置、搭接宽度与焊接变形的数学模型。研究结果表明:随着搭接宽度或者夹持点位置的改变,焊接变形均呈现出由小到大的变化规律;不同搭接宽度下均存在最佳的夹持点位置使得焊接变形最小;当夹持点位置处于40~63 mm、搭接宽度在30~53mm范围时,焊接件的变形量较小。

Clamping conditions have a prominent effect on welding deformation.In order to obtain welding parts with less deformation and improve welding quality,the CMT welding technology was adopted to perform spot welding test on dissimilar metal aluminum steel sheet lap joints and the welding deformation was measured.The spot welding of aluminium steel sheet specimens was simulated by finite element method under the same process to obtain the deformation law of the specimens,and the reliability of welding simulation was verified by comparing with experimental results.Finally,the response surface method was used to establish the mathematical model of clamp position,lap width and welding deformation.The results show that welding deformation varies from small to large with the change of lap width or clamp position;the optimal clamp position can minimize the welding deformation under different lap widths;when setting clamp position between 40~63 mm and lap width between 30~53 mm,the welding deformation is relatively small.