上海市初中生烟草认知对烟草易感性的影响

Impact of tobacco awareness on tobacco susceptibility among junior middle school students in Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市初中学生烟草认知状况,探讨烟草易感性的影响因素。【方法】采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,在上海市8个监测点抽取3155名初中生开展自填问卷调查。对数据加权后,采用SPSS 22.0统计软件中复杂调查数据分析程序进行分析。【结果】认为吸烟可以让人在社交场合更轻松、认为吸烟更有吸引力、肯定地认为开始吸烟后很难戒掉、肯定地认为二手烟烟雾对自己有害的比例分别为5.1%、8.2%、34.1%、83.2%。7.0%从未尝试使用过任何烟草制品的学生对烟草易感,男生的比例(8.6%)高于女生(5.4%)(P=0.005)。在家中、学校、乘坐公共交通工具时二手烟暴露者的烟草易感性高于非暴露者(P<0.05)。母亲吸烟(OR=2.567,95%CI:1.394~4.725)、好友吸烟(OR=2.596,95%CI:1.336~5.046)是烟草易感性的危险因素;认为吸烟者的吸引力比非吸烟者差(OR=0.281,95%CI:0.165~0.478)、过去30 d在媒体上接触到控烟信息(OR=0.606,95%CI:0.393~0.934)是烟草易感性的保护因素。【结论】建议综合考虑个体认知因素、社会环境因素的影响,以学校为基础探讨适宜的干预方法,降低从未使用烟草的青少年未来使用烟草的可能性。

[Objective]To investigate the tobacco cognitive status and factors associated with susceptibility to smoking among junior middle school students in Shanghai.[Methods]A total of 3155 middle school students selected from 8 surveillance sites in Shanghai City,through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling were investigated with self-filling questionnaires.Data were analyzed by using the complex survey module of SPSS 22.0 after it was weighted.[Results]The rate of those thinking that smoking would make him/her comfortable,feeling smoking attractive,feeing hard to quit smoking,considering secondhand smoke(SHS)exposure harmful to health was 5.1%,8.2%,34.1%,83.2%,respectively.In those who had never been exposed to tobacco,their rate of susceptibility to smoking was 7.0%,which was higher in boys(8.6%)than in girls(5.4%)(P=0.005).Those who reported SHS exposure at home,at school,on public transport had higher susceptibility to smoking than non-exposed ones.Mother smoking(OR=2.567,95%CI:1.394-4.725),close friends smoking(OR=2.596,95%CI:1.336-5.046)were the risk factors for susceptibility to smoking.Anti-tobacco media exposure and feeling smoking less attractive were protective factors correspondingly.[Conclusion]It is suggested that school based intervention measures should integrate both self-perception and social environmental factors to prevent tobacco exposure among youths in future.