抗旱性专用肥对土壤理化性质及持水量和玉米产量的影响

Drought Resistance Specific Fertilizer on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and the Effect of Water Holding Capacity and Maize Yield

为了解决河西内陆灌区制种玉米田有机质含量低,土壤板结,贮水性能差的问题,在甘肃省张掖市甘州区沙井镇古城村连续种植制种玉米10年的基地上,采用田间试验方法,研究了抗旱性专用肥对土壤理化性质和玉米经济效益的影响。结果表明:抗旱性专用肥施用量与土壤孔隙度、团聚体、持水量、有机质、速效氮磷钾和玉米穗粒数、穗粒重、百粒重、产量呈正相关关系,与土壤容重呈负相关关系。随着抗旱性专用肥施肥量梯度的增加,玉米产量在增加,而边际产量、边际产值和边际利润在递减,抗旱性专用肥施肥量大于2.40t/hm^2时,边际利润出现负值。经回归统计分析,抗旱性专用肥施用量与玉米产量间的肥料效应回归方程为:y=4333.41+663.6547x+138.1335x^2,最大利润施用量为2.40t/hm^2。

For solving situation of lower content of organic matter,soil harden,and lower water storage performance,the effects of special fertilizer for drought resistance on soil physic-chemical properties and economic efficiency of corn seed production were studied by the field experiment at field of 10 year continuous cropping of corn seed production of Shajing,Ganzhou,Zhangye.The results showed:the special fertilizer were positively related with porosity,aggregation,water holding capacity,soil organic matter,available-N,available-P,available K,spike grain weight,hundred grain weight and yield.And the special fertilizer was negatively related with bulk density.Yield increased with application of special fertilizer,while marginal product,marginal output,marginal profits decreased with application.Marginal profits were negative at dosage of 2.4 t/hm2.The regression equation was y=4333.41+663.6547 x+138.1335 x2 and the optimum dosage was 2.4 t/hm2.