“红色通缉令”追逃的本土化价值及制度构想

Localization Strategy and Institutional Conception of Pursuit of Red Notice

红色通缉令作为国际刑警组织的一种临时性法律诉讼文件,是国家展开境外追逃、反腐工作的重要组成部分。红色通缉令是以国际范围的“逮捕证”形式流通的,可以用于逮捕并引渡罪犯,但并不具有对成员国的强制效力。从法理层面来看,我国目前存在《引渡法》不够健全、《反腐败法》长期缺位、《国际刑事司法协助法》可操作性欠缺以及刑事司法制度较难与发达国家进行衔接等困难。建构契合中国语境的“红色通缉令”追逃策略能有效降低境外追逃成本,促进国家法治长效发展。具体而言,要建立犯罪资产分享制度,厘定资产分享的法律依据和具体比例,完善资产分享的配套措施;同时对《引渡法》进行修订,确保与发达国家制度相衔接,并建立配套制度体系,提升红色通缉令的执行率和执行效率。

As a kind of temporary litigation document of Interpol,the Red Notice is an important part of the overseas pursuit and anti-corruption work in our country.The Red Notice is circulated in the form of“arrest warrant”in the international scope,which can be used to arrest and extradite criminals,but it does not have the compulsory effect on Member States.From the perspective of legal theory,there are some difficulties in China,such as the imperfection of the Extradition Law,the long-term absence of anti-corruption law,the lack of operability of the International Criminal Judicial Assistance Law,and the difficulty in cooperating with developed countries in criminal justice system.Establishing the strategy of“Red Notice”in Chinese context can effectively reduce the cost of overseas pursuit and promote the long-term development of national rule of law.Specifically,we need to establish a criminal asset sharing system,determine the legal basis and specific proportion of asset sharing,and improve the supporting measures for asset sharing;at the same time,we need to revise the Extradition Law to ensure that it is connected with the systems of developed countries,and establish a supporting system to improve the implementation rate and efficiency of Red Notice.