β-冠状病毒引起人类疾病的流行与控制

Prevalence and control of human diseases caused by Beta Coronavirus

β-冠状病毒(Beta Coronavirus,β-CoV)可感染人和多种动物,引起宿主呼吸道、肠道、肝和神经系统疾病。自2002年出现由严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndromes coronavirus,SARS-CoV)所引起的传染性非典型肺炎在全球32个国家和地区暴发流行以来,先后又有该属其他种类的病毒引起人类中东呼吸综合征(Middle East respiratory syndrome,MERS)及人类冠状病毒HKU1肺炎。冠状病毒以其高的传播效率、严重的感染后果以及捉摸不定的流行时间对人类健康构成持续的威胁。本文综述了β-CoVs所引起的疾病在人群中流行的历史、病毒来源与传播方式以及对病毒应采取的检测与监控方法,旨在为更好地控制β-CoVs所致人类疾病提供依据。

Beta coronaviruses(β-CoVs)can infect human and a variety of animals,causing respiratory,intestinal,liver and nervous system diseases of the hosts.Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)caused by coronavirus in 32 countries and regions in 2002,there have been Middle East respiratory syndrome and human coronavirus HKU1 pneumonia caused by other viruses of this genus.β-CoVs pose a continuous threat to human health with its high transmission efficiency,serious infection consequences and uncertain epidemic outbreaks.Hereby,the epidemic history,virus sources and transmission modes ofβ-CoVs,as well as the detection and monitoring methods for the virus are reviewed in the paper to provide ideas and measures for better control of human diseases caused byβ-CoVs.