技术性贸易措施对中国企业出口决策的影响--基于出口强度与市场范围视角的考察

The Influence of TBT&SPS on Firms’ Exporting Decisions in China--From the Aspects of Export Intensity and Market Scope

本文利用企业出口决策模型阐明了技术性贸易措施对企业出口强度和市场范围的影响,并基于2010-2015年中国出口企业的微观数据进行了验证。研究表明:技术性贸易措施对企业出口规模和市场范围的扩大具有显著的阻碍作用;并且企业受影响频次比越高,负面效应越明显;技术性贸易措施影响的覆盖范围越广泛,就越能倒逼企业进行有效应对,其负面效应将有所减弱;具体到技术性贸易措施的不同类型,技术法规与标准主要制约企业出口强度的扩大,而合格评定程序则主要限制企业出口市场范围;但不管哪种类型的措施,对农产品企业的负面影响程度都会高于工业品企业。

This paper established a model of firms’ decision-making on exporting,which could be used for explaining the mechanism of action between the TBT&SPS( including Technical Barrier to Trade and Sanitary and Phytosanitary) and export intensity and market scope,and engaged empirical analysis with the data of Chinese exporting firms from 2010 to 2015. The conclusions show that: TBT&SPS will impede firms expanding their export and market scope;the higher incidence,the more significant of the negative effect;the TBT&SPS have a broad influence in a given industry,which can force firms to adapt effective countermeasures and then mitigate negative effects;as for different variety of TBT&SPS,technical regulation and standard mainly restrict firms’ export intensity and the conformity assessment procedures mainly act on market scope;no matter what measures are taken,it will cause more serious negative effects on agricultural firms than industrial firms.