公共文化建设为什么不能强化供给侧财政投入方式:一个解释框架

Why Public Culture Construction Can’t Enhance Supply-side Financial Investment: An Explanation Framework

在加快构建现代公共文化服务体系的国家战略目标下,加大对文化行业和公共文化单位的财政投入成为落实国家战略的物质手段和政策措施。但对基层文化单位的调查表明,传统的通过文化行业系统进行的财政投入是一种供给侧保障方式。这一方式在增强文化单位公共产品生产能力的同时也导致了明显的消极作用,主要表现为行业利益固化导致行业封闭和行业"软收缩"、资源体制内循环导致"机构空转"和供给侧低效。建立现代公共文化服务体系需要调整政策思路,我们需借助于数字信息技术的平台功能,实现宏观政策思路的总体转型,要推动政策基准从"国家--文化单位"的供给侧公共投入逻辑转到"国家--个人"的消费侧激励逻辑,以文化消费侧的政策创新引导供给侧的绩效提升,并由此重建公共文化政策的合法性,通过宏观政策创新引导当前国家文化事业体系向国家公共文化服务体系转型。

With the national strategic goal of accelerating the construction of a modern public cultural service system, increasing the financial investment in the cultural industry and public cultural sectors has become the material means and policies and measures to implement the national strategy. However,the observation of the cultural sectors at the grass-roots level shows that the fiscal investment through the traditional cultural industry is a supply-side guarantee. This elevates the production capacity of the public products of the cultural sectors, but also has significant negative impacts, which are primarily the closure and "soft contraction" of the industry caused by consolidated industry interest, and the "institutional idling" and supply-side inefficiency caused by the internal circulation of resources in the system. To establish a modern system of public cultural services, we need to adjust our scheme and policy. By virtue of the platform function of digital information technology, we need to realize the overall transformation of macro policy-making, promote the policy benchmark to shift from the supply-side public input logic of "state-cultural units" to the consumption-side incentive logic of "state-individuals", and guide the performance improvement on the supply side with policy innovation on the cultural consumption side, thus rebuilding the legitimacy of the public cultural policy, and guiding the transformation of the current national cultural undertaking system to the national public cultural service system through macro policy innovation.