政府公共文化服务的职能意蕴、尚存问题与创新路径

Functional Implication, Problems and Innovation Approaches for the Government’s Public Cultural Service

政府公共文化服务职能就是政府在公共文化服务领域所履行的职责和发挥的功能。其中职责主要包括确定文化发展战略、制定文化发展政策、搭建文化发展平台、保证文化经费投入、评估公共文化服务绩效、维护国家文化安全等;功能则主要包括整合传播、导向服务、保障防御、调节监督、资源配置等。政府公共文化服务具有政治性、公共性、服务性、系统性、创新性等基本特点。当前政府公共文化服务职能的主要问题体现为服务观念存在误区、服务职能范围不清、服务能力不强、服务总量供给不足、服务层次低下、服务职能发展失衡等,造成这些缺陷的根本原因在于制度转型与变革过程中"政府与市场"的边界划分问题。未来应该从强化意识、规范范围、改进方式、完善体系建设、加大经费投资、保持平衡发展、加强监督机制以及健全绩效评估体系等方面着手,推进政府公共文化服务职能创新。

Simply put, the government’s public cultural service function is the responsibilities and functions the government fulfills in the field of public cultural service. Its responsibilities include determining the strategy for cultural development, formulating policies for cultural development, building platforms for cultural development, ensuring funds for cultural development, evaluating the performance of public cultural service, and maintaining national cultural security. Its functions mainly include integrating communication, guiding service, safeguard and defense, regulation and supervision,resource allocation and so on. The government’s public cultural service function has the basic characteristics of politics,publicity, service, systematicness and innovation. At present, the problems with the government’s public cultural service function is mainly reflected in the misunderstanding of the concept of service, unclear definition of service functions, poor service ability, insufficient supply of service, lower service level, and imbalanced development of service functions. The root cause for these defects lies in the boundary division between "government and market" in institutional transformation and reform. In the future, the government should raise its awareness, specify scope, improve approaches, perfect system construction, increase funds and investment, maintain balanced development, strengthen supervisory mechanism and performance evaluation system, and promote the innovation of the government’s public cultural services.