不同因素对麻栎绿枝扦插生根的影响

Effects of Different Factors on Rooting Ability of Quercus acutissima

以2年生麻栎半木质化枝条为试材,研究不同基质、扦插时期及生长调节剂的种类和浓度等因素对麻栎绿枝扦插生根的影响。在此基础上,采用L9(3)3正交试验设计对扦插条件中生长调节剂的种类和浓度及插穗长度进行优化。结果表明,麻栎的6种扦插基质试验中,以珍珠岩的生根效果最优,生根率为81.00%,以珍珠岩、腐殖土、细沙(体积比1∶1∶1)的生根效果最差,生根率仅为5.67%;在3个时期的扦插试验中,生根效果具有明显的时间效应,6月份的扦插生根效果最好,且经过300 mg/L 3-吲哚丁酸(IBA)生根粉溶液处理0.5 h的扦插生根率最高可达82.33%,而5月末扦插生根率最低,为9.33%。植物生长调节剂及浓度的双因素、3水平作用中,生长调节剂种类和生长调节剂浓度具有交互作用。单因素试验结果,植物生长调节剂种类对麻栎扦插生根指标影响最大,其中300 mg/L IBA+ABT1(艾比蒂1号)扦插平均生根率最高,且株平均生根数、平均生根长度均较高;而单用IBA处理生根数较多,但根短;单用NAA(α-萘乙酸)处理,尽管平均生根长度较长,但平均生根数较少。正交试验结果表明,植物生长调节剂对麻栎扦插生根指标影响最大,其次为细胞分裂素,插穗长度对扦插生根率影响最小。其中用300 mg/L IBA+ABT1处理0.5 h,扦插平均生根率最高,为88.67%。上述研究结果为麻栎的无性繁殖提供了可能,同时也将为柞树新品种选育扩繁提供技术支撑。

Taking semi-hardwood cuttings from 2-year-old Quercus acutissima as materials,effects of matrix formulation,cutting period,type of growth regulator and its concentration on rooting ability were investigated.On this basis,type and concentration of growth regulator and cutting length were optimized in virtue of L9(3)3 orthogonal test.The results indicated that the best matrix was pearlite with the highest rooting rate of 81.00%among 6 different matrixes,and the worst matrix was the compound with the lowest rooting rate of 5.67%,whose matrix formulation was even distribution of pearlite,humic soil and river sand.Besides,time also took effect according to the cuttage experiments in 3 periods.Rooting rate peaked at 82.33%in June when cuttings were treated with 300 mg/L IBA for 0.5 h,while it dropped to 9.33%at the end of May.Besides,type of growth regulator interacted with its concentration in two-factor and three-level interaction tests.Single factor testing results showed that type of growth regulator had the greatest influence on rooting indexes of Q.acutissima.Treatment of 300 mL IBA+ABT1 led to the highest rooting rate and relatively more and longer roots.Treatment of IBA alone led to more but shorter roots,and treatment of NAA alone led to longer but less roots.Orthogonal experiment showed that growth regulator had the greatest influence on rooting rate of Q.acutissima followed by cytokinin,while the cutting length had the least effect on rooting rate.Rooting rate reached to the highest at88.67%with the treatment of 300 mg/L IBA+ABT1 for 0.5 h.Above results will provide possibility for the asexual reproduction of Q.acutissima,and technical supports for selection and propagation of new varieties of oak tree.