颊脂垫及其在口腔临床中应用研究进展

Research progress in buccal fat pad and its application in oral clinic

颊脂垫是一块位于颊部深层间隙、具有完整包膜的脂肪三角体,也是口腔颌面部解剖中相对容易获取的脂肪组织块。它是一种特殊类型的脂肪组织,具有填充、保护、滑动和缓冲的作用。尽管距离"颊脂垫"的首次描述已经过去200多年,但是外科医生们对其研究从未停止。目前,颊脂垫已普遍应用于口腔软组织缺损的修复,如黏膜缺损、口腔上颌窦瘘、慢性颊瘘、腭裂等,并且取得了令人满意的结果。有关颊脂垫的研究和新的运用也越来越多。文章就颊脂垫及其在口腔临床中应用研究进展做一综述。

Buccal fat pad is a fat triangle located in the deep gap of the face with a complete capsule,and it is also a piece of adipose tissue that is relatively easy to obtain in oral and maxillofacial anatomy. It is a special type of adipose tissue,which can be used to fill,protect and slide and for cushion. Although more than 200 years have passed since the first description of the buccal fat pad,surgeons have kept studying it. At present,buccal fat pad has been widely used in reconstruction of oral soft tissue defects,such as mucous membrane defect,oral maxillary sinus fistula,chronic buccal fistula repair,cleft palate repair,etc.,and satisfactory results have been obtained. More and more researches and new applications of buccal fat pad have been conducted. This article reviews the research progress in buccal fat pad and its application in oral clinic.