从“断魂”到“返魂”——苏轼初到黄州的心绪探微

From the"Lethal"to"Soul"——The Mood of Su Shi First Arrived at Huangzhou

元丰三年二月,经历了“乌台诗案”的苏轼初到黄州,到元丰四年正月,在这不到一年时间里,他经历了一场十分严重的心理危机。这段时间苏轼的心理状态是:初到黄州时内心愁苦,自我怀疑,认为自己“于世无用”,并且有意地与世俗保持距离。之后他结交黄州友人,借助庄禅智慧走出了烦恼,获得了内心的宁静。苏轼赴黄州途中所写的红梅诗以及一年之后写下的关于红梅的诗作可相互映照。后者是苏轼走出心灵危机的标志作品。

From February of the third year of Yuanfeng reign of the Song Dynasty when he arrived in Huangzhou after he had undergone the"Wutai"plea to the December of the next year,Su Shi experienced a serious psychological crisis in less than one year.During this period,Su Shi's mental state was:when he first arrived in Huangzhou,he felt sad,self-doubted,anxious and worried.He thought he was useless in the world and intentionally kept distance from the worldly affairs.After that,he made some friends in Huangzhou,and went out of his troubles by Zen wisdom and restored peace of mind.The red plum poems written by Su Shi on his way to Huangzhou and the poems written about the red plum a year later well reflect his change of mind,the latter being the landmark of Su Shi's coming out of the crisis of mind.