115例新型冠状病毒感染儿童的临床特点分析

Clinical features of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection:an analysis of 115 cases

目的研究儿童新型冠状病毒感染(SARS-CoV-2)的临床特点。方法回顾性分析武汉儿童医院115例确诊SARS-CoV-2感染患儿的临床资料,包括一般情况、与确诊人群密切接触史、临床早期症状、实验室检查及肺部CT影像学检查结果等。结果115例患儿中,男性73例(63.5%),女性42例(36.5%),男女比例为1:0.58。105例(91.3%)有明确的SARS-CoV-2感染者密切接触史。11例(9.6%)丙氨酸氨基转移酶增高,34例(29.6%)肌酸激酶同工酶增高。发热29例(25.2%),有呼吸道症状者(咳嗽、流涕、鼻塞等表现)47例(40.9%),无症状感染者61例(53.0%)。49例(42.6%)肺部CT显示肺部存在磨玻璃样改变、纤维条索影、斑片状改变及肺部实变等表现,其中2例为“白肺”改变;39例(33.9%)仅表现为肺纹理增强;27例(23.5%)无肺部影像学改变。115例患儿中,3例为危重型,其中1例已治愈,另外2例在继续治疗中。结论儿童SARS-CoV-2感染多有密切接触史;危重型病例少见;无症状感染比例较高。

Objective To study the clinical features of children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)infection.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 115 children who were diagnosed with SARS-Co V-2 infection in the Wuhan Children’s Hospital,including general information,history of close contact with individuals of SARS-Co V-2 infection,early clinical symptoms,laboratory examination results,and lung CT results.Results Among the 115 children,there were 73 boys(63.5%)and 42 girls(36.5%),with a male/female ratio of 1:0.58.Of the 115 children,105(91.3%)had a definite history of close contact with individuals of SARS-Co V-2-infection.An increase in alanine aminotransferase was observed in 11 children(9.6%)and an increase in CK-MB was found in 34 children(29.6%).As for clinical symptoms,29 children(25.2%)had fever,47(40.9%)had respiratory symptoms(including cough,rhinorrhea,and nasal congestion),and 61(53.0%)were asymptomatic.Lung CT findings showed ground glass opacity,fiber opacities,patchy changes,and pulmonary consolidation in 49 children(42.6%),among whom 2 children had"white lung";39 children(33.9%)only had lung texture enhancement and 27 children(23.5%)had no pulmonary imaging changes.Among the 115 children,3 were critically ill,among whom 1 had been cured and the other 2 were under continuous treatment.Conclusions Most of the children with SARS-Co V-2 infection have a close contact history.Critical cases are rare and there is a high proportion of asymptomatic infection.