某院99例药品不良反应报告的回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of 99 adverse drug reaction reports in a hospital

目的回顾性分析我院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生特点和规律,为临床合理用药和风险防范提供参考。方法收集2018年1月~2019年6月我院上报的99例ADR,采用回顾性分析的方法,对ADR报告的患者性别、年龄、给药途径、药品种类、ADR累及器官/系统和临床表现、程度分级转归和关联性评价、联合用药等进行统计分析。结果 99例ADR报告中,女性多于男性,12岁以下儿童和21~50岁的患者ADR发生率高;其中87例(87.88%)为静脉给药;涉及药物主要为抗感染药和抗肿瘤药,构成比分别是50.51%、22.22%;临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害、血液系统损害为主;一般ADR为64例(64.65%),严重的ADR为35例(35.35%),主要为抗肿瘤药;联合用药引起的ADR为28例(28.28%)。结论 ADR的发生与多种因素有关,临床上应加强特殊人群用药管理,静脉给药途径的ADR监测、重点关注抗感染药和抗肿瘤药的使用。加强ADR报告质量和管理制度,及时发现药品使用安全风险,保障公众用药安全,促进临床合理用药。

Objective To retrospective analyze the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions(ADR) in our hospital, so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use and risk prevention. Methods A total of 99 cases of ADR reported by our hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 were collected. The sex and age of patients,the route of administration,the types of drugs, ADR involved organs or systems and clinical manifestation, degree grade outcome and relevance evaluation, combined medication, etc. were analyzed retrospectly. Results In 99 ADR reports, women outnumbered men, and the incidence of ADR was higher in children under 12 years old and patients aged 21-50 years old;87 cases(87.88%) were mainly administered intravenously;the main drugs involved in ADR were anti infective drugs and anti-tumor drugs, with the composition ratio of 50.51% and 22.22% respectively;the clinical manifestations of ADR were mainly skin and accessory damage and blood system damage;the general ADR was 64 cases(64.65%), severe ADR was 35 cases(35.35%), mainly anti-tumor drugs. ADR caused by combined drugs was 28 cases(28.28%). Conclusion ADR are related with many kinds of factors. In clinical practice, the administration of drugs for special population should be strengthen, ADR monitoring of intravenous routes of administration should be emphasized, and the use of anti-infection drugs and anti-tumor drugs should be emphasized. Strengthen ADR reporting quality and management system, discover drug use safety risks in time, ensure public drug use safety, and promote clinical rational drug use.