高稳定性现场混装炸药爆炸性能试验研究

Experimental Study on Explosive Performance of High-stability Emulsion Explosive

为获得高稳定性和高爆炸性能的现场混装炸药配方,采用室内高低温循环、模拟运输振动、爆炸性能分析等方法对8组不同配方的乳胶基质进行试验研究。试验结果表明,在各组配方乳胶基质中,E8配方的储存稳定性和抗颠簸稳定性最好,在经历5次高低温循环和24h模拟运输振动后仍不发生析晶。在一定范围内,乳化剂含量越多、剪切速度越高,其制得的乳胶基质粒径越小,稳定性越好。油相中机油所占比例越高,其稳定性越好,柴油和机油的最佳比例为1∶1。采用高分子乳化剂TH101制得的乳胶基质稳定性更好。适当提高水相中水的含量可以有效提高乳胶基质的稳定性。采用优化的乳胶基质配方制备的混装炸药其爆速为4400~4600m/s,猛度为15~17mm,可经受20次高低温循环和600km颠簸振动运输。

In order to obtain high stability and high explosive performance of the emulsion explosive formula,methods including indoor high and low temperature cycle,simulated transport vibration and explosion performance analysis were adopted to study the 8 groups of emulsion matrix with different formulas.The results showed that E8 formulation had the best storage stability and anti-turbulence stability of the emulsion matrix in each group,and crystallization did not occur after 5 times of high and low temperature cycles and 24 hours of simulated transport vibration.In a certain range,the higher the content of emulsifier and the higher the shear rate,the smaller the particle size and the better the stability.The higher the proportion of machine oil in the oil phase,the better its stability,and the best ratio of diesel and machine oil was 1∶1.The emulsion matrix prepared by polymer emulsifier TH101 was more stable.The stability of emulsion matrix can be effectively improved by increasing the water content in aqueous phase.The emulsion explosive prepared by the optimized emulsion matrix formula had an explosive rate of 4400~4600 m/s,a fierce degree of 15~17 mm,and can withstand 20 times of high and low temperature cycles and 600 km of jolting vibration transportation.