露天煤场复合型抑尘剂的制备与特性研究

Study on Preparation and Characteristics of Composite Dust Suppressant in Open Coal Yard

为进一步降低煤矿、洗煤厂及港口等露天煤场的产尘量,阻止细小煤颗粒形成扬尘,采用接枝共聚的方法,选用海藻酸钠和胶原蛋白作为基体,以过硫酸钾为引发剂、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,将单体丙烯酰胺接枝到基体上,制备出兼具粘结性和润湿性的新型高分子抑尘剂。通过单因素试验确定粘结效果最佳的配比方案,通过测量抑尘剂自然干燥后的固化层厚度评价其润湿性,利用SEM图像分析新型抑尘剂的抑尘机理,利用喷淋装置模拟降雨验证抑尘剂的耐水性。结果表明,新型抑尘剂具有良好的润湿性、粘结性和耐水性,在露天条件下具有良好的抑尘作用。加入微量十二烷基苯磺酸钠后,固化层厚度增加约34.07%。

In order to further reduce the dust production of open coal yards in coal mines,coal washing plants as well as ports,and toprevent the formation of dust from fine coal particles,graft copolymerization method was adopted to prepare a novel polymer dust suppressant with both cohesiveness and wettability.In the preparation process,sodium alginate and collagen were selected as the matrix,potassium persulfate was used as the initiator,N,N-methylenebisacrylamide was cross-linking agent,and the monomer acrylamide was grafted onto the substrate.The principle ratio of the best bonding effect was determined by single factor experiment,the wettability was evaluated by measuring the thickness of the solidified layer after the natural dusting of the dust suppressant,the mechanism of suppressing dust was analyzed by SEM images,andthe spray device was used to simulate rainfall to verify the water resistance of the dust suppressant.The results showed that the new dust suppressant had good wettability,cohesiveness and water resistance,and had good dust suppression effect under open conditions.The thickness of the solidified layer increased about 34.07%after adding a small amount of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.