伊莎贝尔的心路历程

Isabel's Mental Pilgrimage

从弗洛伊德的人格理论出发分析小说《贵妇人画像》中伊莎贝尔的心理历程,可以看出伊莎贝尔的人格心理随着小说的发展经历了一个由低到高的过程。一开始伊莎贝尔的人格受“本我”支配,在这一阶段,伊莎贝尔遵循“快乐原则”,先后被不同的“力比多”能量驱使而逐渐走向悲剧。之后伊莎贝尔的人格发展为由“自我”掌控,遵循“现实原则”,开始认清并接受现实。在小说最后,伊莎贝尔的人格蜕变为由“超我”主导,遵循“道德原则”,从而实现了人格上的升华。亨利·詹姆斯作为心理描写大师,从弗洛伊德人格理论洞悉詹姆斯笔下的女主人公更能展现出人物的内心世界,凸显小说的主题。

An analysis on Isabel's mental course,who is the female protagonist of The Portrait of a Lady,from the perspective of Freudian theory of human psyche reveals that Isabel's personality gradually grows as the novel develops.At the beginning,Isabel's personality is"Id-oriented".At this stage,following the"pleasure principle",Isabel was driven by different"Libido"energies successively and thus was subjected to a tragic marriage.Then,Isabel's personality develops to be"Ego-oriented".Adhering to the"reality principle",Isabel starts to realize and accept the reality.At the end of the novel,Isabel's personality goes further to be"Superego-oriented".Abiding by"moral principle",Isabel attains a moral sublimation.As Henry James is a master of psychological depiction,a thorough analysis on the female protagonist created by him from the perspective of Freudian theory of human psyche will be more helpful to reveal the protagonist's mental world and the novel's theme.