注视追随中面孔社会威胁信息的加工优势

The Processing Advantage of Threatening Facial Social Information in Gaze Cueing

采用注视线索范式并通过操纵知觉负荷的变化考察了注视追随过程中面孔威胁社会信息的加工优势。实验1结果显示,双重威胁引起的注视线索效应显著大于无威胁面孔,但是没有出现威胁社会信息加工优势。实验2操作知觉负荷,结果显示:低负荷的条件下,被试依然更加追随双重威胁面孔;高负荷条件下,男性出现注视追随的面孔威胁社会信息优先加工。研究明确了个体利用注视线索对威胁信息进行加工的特点,有利于了解行为互动的系统反应规律,对于威胁信息的社会认知能力及其发展研究具有一定的临床应用价值。

The phenomenon that human tend to shift their attention to the corresponding direction in which others are looking is known as gaze cueing.This fundamental behavior is modulated by threats which the facial social clues and visual clues implying.Compared with the threatening visual information,the threatening social information may be processed preferentially.However,existing studies have not clarified whether this priority effect appears in gaze cueing.The present study addressed this question by manipulating the perceptual load and using the gaze cueing paradigm.In experiment 1,participants were asked to memorize the identities of different faces,and then judge the targets under different facial conditions to verify whether they were more likely to follow faces with threatening social information than threatening visual information.In experiment 2,the processing characteristics of different threats were investigated by manipulating perceptual load.The results showed that:at the low load condition,it did not show the processing advantage of threatening social information;however,at the high load condition,the faces with only threatening social information enhanced the gaze cueing for male.While for female,the effects of threats on gaze cueing disappeared.In conclusion,these results revealed that for male,the threatening social information were processed preferentially in gaze cueing.For female,processing of both two kinds of threat were modulated by the attention resource.