中国的世界理想及其实现维度

China's World Ideal and Its Realization:A Historical and Combating Analysis

世界理想是大国崛起研究中值得深入关注的新议题。研究中国的世界理想,应以马克思主义世界历史理论为指导,秉持国际比较的视野,梳理中国世界理想及其实现维度的历史脉络,概括新中国成立以来中国新世界理想的形成,剖析命运共同体理论的内涵及其实现维度,探究中国如何实现对西方霸权的战略超越。中国素有世界理想,天下思想一脉不绝,朝贡体系为其古典诠释,和谐世界承继在前,人类命运共同体创新其后,与古罗马、英国和美国的霸权思想与实现路径形成鲜明对照。1949年以来,止跌起升的中国迎来一个真正的大时代,通过几代领导人的思想创新和外交努力,中国在全球事务中的角色从争取参与、有限参与走向全面参与,开始在全球治理等领域发挥引领性作用,习近平创新地提出人类命运共同体思想,推动中国新时代世界理想的形成,在思想理念上实现了对西方霸权理论的战略超越。中国新世界理想实现的切实路径是:抓住和塑造战略机遇期,推动国家利益全球拓展和国际治理变革;专注于东亚战略拓展,打造地区新秩序;聚焦“一带一路”建设,重塑中国与世界的关系;强调经济手段作为主要战略拓展,致力于塑造开放型世界经济;强调文明互鉴的战略价值,夯实中国软实力。

World ideal is a new issue worthy of in-depth discussion in the studies of the rise of great powers.The study of China s world ideal should be guided by Marxist theory of world history,upholding the perspective of international comparison,combing the historical context of China s world ideal and its realization,exploring the formation of China s new world ideal since the founding of the People s Republic of China,investigating the interpretation and dimensions of the realization of A Community of a Shared Future for Mankind,and analyzing how China could go beyond Western hegemony.China has long been holding a world ideal;the concept of Tianxia(All Under Heaven)has always been the value ideal of the country,with the tributary system as its embodiment in ancient China.The Harmonious World was inherited from the past and A Community of a Shared Future for Mankind is innovated at present,in sharp contrast to the thoughts and realization of hegemony of ancient Rome,the Great Britain and the United States.Since 1949,China has ushered in a truly great era.Through the ideological innovation and diplomatic efforts of several generations of leaders,China s role in global affairs has changed from a minor participant to a major one,and China has been playing a leading role in global governance and other arenas.President Xi Jinping has creatively put forward the idea of A Community of a Shared Future for Mankind and promoted the formation of China s world ideal in the New Era,ideologically surpassing Western theory of hegemony.The practical path for the realization of China s world ideal is to seize and reshape strategic opportunities,promote the global expansion of national interests and the process of reforming international governance,focus on the strategic expansion of East Asia to build a new regional order,highlight the construction of the“Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)”to reshape China s interaction with the world,make the world economy more open mainly through economic activities,and stress the strategic value of mutual learning among civilizations to consolidate China s soft power.