守势与攻势:甲午中日战争中国出兵朝鲜的军事战略

Defensive and Offensive:China’s Military Strategy in Korea during the Sino-Japanese War

朝鲜战场是甲午中日战争中比较重要的一个阶段。入朝作战前,清廷没有明确的作战方针和计划,在未获得制海权的情况下先使陆军集中于平壤,是军事战略上的重大失误。朝鲜当局完全违背中国利益把中国拖入对日战争。清军如果在镇压东学党后撤出朝鲜,可以避免更大的麻烦和冲突。清政府并不具备实施“南北夹击”汉城(今首尔)日军的条件,正确的军事战略是陆军取守势,海军取攻势。

The Korean battle field was an important stage in the Sino-Japanese War.Before entering the Korean War,the Qing court did not have clear operational guidelines and plans,and it was a major military strategic mistake to concentrate the army on Pyongyang without gaining the right to control the sea.The North Korean regime is self-serving and totally against the interests of China and drags China into the war against Japan.If the Qing troops withdrew from North Korea after the suppression of the Dongxue Party,greater trouble and conflict could be avoided.The Qing government did not have the conditions to carry out the“north-south interception”of the Japanese army in Seoul.