信息特征对个体限制性政策抵触态度的影响:基于解释水平理论

Impact of Information Characteristic on Reactance to Restrictive Policy from the Perspective of Construal Level Theory

目的:基于解释水平理论,探讨限制性政策的信息特征(信息发布的时间距离和信息框架)对人们政策抵触态度的影响及其心理机制。方法:采用实验研究法,其中个体的解释水平通过操纵范式来诱发,政策注意与政策抵触态度使用量表进行测量。研究一中通过时间距离来操纵解释水平高低,研究二中通过信息框架来操纵解释水平高低,研究三中同时使用时间距离和信息框架来操纵解释水平。三个研究的被试分别为65名、67名和265名大学生。结果:当限制性政策信息的发布时间距离实施时间远(相对于近)以及通过强调实施原因(相对于强调实施措施)的框架来构建信息时,会产生更低的抵触态度。信息发布时间距离远和强调实施原因的组合下个体产生的抵触态度最低,而信息发布时间距离近和强调实施措施的组合下个体产生的抵触态度最高。结论:限制性政策的信息特征可以通过诱发不同的解释水平来影响个体的政策注意,进而对政策产生不同程度的抵触态度。

Objective: To explore the impact of information characteristic of restrictive policy on individual policy attitude. Methods: Experimental study was used, in which construal level was induced by manipulation, and policy evaluation and attitude were assessed by survey scale. Construal level was manipulated respectively in three studies by temporal distance, information framework and both. Participants were 65, 67 and 265 college students. Results: Reactance to a restrictive policy was lower when it was set to be implemented in the distant future compared to the near future. Moreover, reactance to a restrictive policy showed diminished when the information setting policy was empathized. The combination of high temporal distance and emphasize of reasons resulted in the lowest reactance to the policy, while the combination of low temporal distance and emphasize of measures resulted in the highest reactance to the policy. Conclusion: Individual reactance to restrictive policy is influenced by inducing different degree of construal level via policy information characteristic.