试析索亚城市空间正义思想

A Brief Analysis of Soja’s Urban Spatial Justice

从20世纪下半叶开始,哲学社会科学的研究呈现一种"空间转向",开始重视空间,学者们把空间研究和社会批判理论联系起来。但很少有人像爱德华·索亚一样直接将空间正义作为理论研究对象,他对此作了开创性的工作。索亚的理论立足于后现代的社会、地理、空间研究,特别是聚焦于城市空间及相关问题的研究。他所倡导的城市空间辩证法认为,城市作为人造环境,是由不同的空间元素组成的复杂综合体,既是生产场所,也是生活场所,是全球矛盾最集中的地方,其政治功能不断凸显。城市既有物质属性,也生产思想和观念,同时城市还是变革的舞台。他认为城市空间正义的核心是公民能够享有城市发展带来的福利。索亚不赞成用激烈的革命手段获取城市空间权利,实现空间正义,而是希望通过以劳动或社区联盟的方式来获得。索亚的城市空间正义思想对我国的城镇化发展理念具有一定的启发意义。

Since the second half of the 20th century,the research of philosophy and social sciences has taken on a“space turn”and began to attach importance to space.Scholars have linked space research with social critical theory.However,few made theoretical research directly on space justice as Edward Soja did with his pioneering work.Soja’s theory is based on post-modern social,geographical and spatial research,especially on urban space and related issues.His dialectics of urban space holds that a city,as an artificial environment,is a complex composed of different spatial elements.It is a place for both production and living,with its political function constantly highlighted and full of global contradictions.Cities not only have material and experiential attributes,but also produce ideas and concepts.They are,at the same time,stages for changes.He believes that the core of urban spatial justice is that citizens can enjoy the benefits brought by urban development.Soja is not in favor of obtaining urban space rights and realizing space justice through drastic revolutionary means,instead hopes to obtain them through labor or community alliances.Soja’s idea on justice in urban space has certain reference for and inspiration to urbanization in China.