法经济学视角下我国航班时刻拍卖的制度构造

The Construction of the System of China’s Slot Auction from the Perspective of Law and Economics

随着我国民航运输业的发展,航班时刻的经济价值日益凸显,渐渐导致繁忙机场的时刻资源供求矛盾越来越突出,各方利益难以统筹兼顾。市场机制的引入——拍卖,或许成为缓解这一困境的可行性方案。航班时刻分配政策由行政配给转为拍卖交易是制度的变迁,通过博弈论建模分析研究发现,公平概念的引入可以通过改变参与者个人收益预期、减少"搭便车"行为和降低制度变迁成本三个方面来影响制度变迁的效率,从而提高整个社会收益的增量。为此,继续以经济学理念为主导设计出航班时刻拍卖的各项制度内容,有利于促进航班时刻分配政策的改革。

With the development of China’s civil aviation transport industry,the economic value of slot is in?creasing,which gradually leads to more and more prominent contradiction between supply and demand of busy airports.The interests of all parties are difficult to balance,and the introduction of market mechanism,auction,perhaps becomes a viable solution.The transfer of slot allocation policy from administrative rationing to auction trading is a system change.Through game theory research,it is found that the introduction of fair concept can improve the efficiency of the system change by changing participants’personal income expectation,reducing“free-riding”behavior and reducing institutional change costs,so that the social income will be improved.With this in mind,it is necessary to design the various system content of slot auction guided by economics,which is conducive to the reform of the slot allocation policy.