算法时代新闻专业主义的理念重塑与实践路径

Conceptual Reconstruction and Practical Approachof Journalistic Professionalism in Algorithmic Era

人工智能技术在新闻传播领域的应用,改变了新闻生产、传播与接受的方式。算法作为新的信息“把关人”,为公众设置议程,建构“拟态环境”,影响人们对社会环境的认知。算法时代,新闻专业主义“真实、全面、客观、公正”的内涵面临新挑战。算法判断局限与新闻真实性、算法偏见与新闻客观性、算法个性化推荐与新闻公共性之间形成张力和矛盾。在理念层面上,智能传播语境下的新闻专业主义应该平衡工具理性与价值理性、追寻客观事实与算法正义、兼顾个性化与公共性。在实践层面上,由多元内容生产者共同参与,建构起外部规制的“他律”体系和职业共同体的“自律”意识,提升社会大众的“算法素养”,重塑新闻专业主义。

The application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of news communication has dramatically changed the ways of news production,communication and acceptance.As a new information“gatekeeper”,algorithm sets agendas for audience,constructs a pseudo-environment,and influences people’s perception of social environment.In the era of algorithm,the connotation of journalistic professionalism as“true,comprehensive,objective and fair”is facing new challenges.There are tension and contradiction between algorithm judgment limitation and news authenticity,algorithm bias and news objectivity,algorithm personalized recommendation and news publicity.At the conceptual level,news professionalism in the context of intelligent communication should keep balance between instrumental rationality and value rationality,pursue objective facts and algorithmic justice,and take personalization and publicity into account.In practice,with the participation of multiple content generators,the“heteronomy”system of external regulation and the“self-discipline”consciousness of the professional community are constructed,the“algorithmic quality”of the public is improved,and journalistic professionalism is reshaped.From the practical perspective,the multiple content generators should join together in the reconstruction of journalistic professionalism,build up the system of external regulation and the awareness of self-discipline.