中国类型电影的北美市场文化认同差异——《纽约时报》影评文本(1979—2017)实证分析

Cultural Identity Differences of Chinese Filmsin North American Market——Based on the Film Review Text of the New York times(1979-2017)

中国电影在海外跨文化传播过程中,需要重视其文化负载在目标市场的认同状况。基于《纽约时报》影评文本的实证分析可知,中国类型电影在北美市场的文化认同体现出差异性。好评率最高的是纪录片,负评率最高的是喜剧片。《纽约时报》在评价中国类型电影时存在明显的文化折扣问题,一方面,《纽约时报》按照美国文化的利益诉求对中国电影进行了主观“过滤”,它凸显甚至过度阐释了政治意识形态,另一方面,限于对中国文化了解的不足,它也客观“遮蔽”了中国电影的艺术特质。对于中国纪录片,北美市场并非作为电影文本看待,而是作为社会文本来分析中国的政治和社会。中国喜剧电影在北美异质文化中则遭遇较大文化隔阂,喜剧效果转译较难实现。

Based on the empirical analysis of the film review text of the New York times(1979-2017),the cultural identity of Chinese films in the north American market reflects differences.Documentary films have the highest praise rate and comedy films have the highest negative rate.The Chinese documentary in the north American market are not viewed as a movie text,but used as a social text to analyze Chinese politics and society.The Chinese comedy films in the North America encounter a large cultural discount,and cultural translation is difficult to achieve.