隔水幕分层取水研究进展及应用现状

Present Research and Application of Temperature-controlCurtain in Stratified Reservoir

分层水库春夏季下泄低温水效应显著,分层取水是解决上述问题的有效手段。隔水幕是一种较为新型的分层取水方案,具有造价低廉、发电水头损失小、运行灵活、施工便利等优点,对我国大量改建、扩建及新建水库具有重大的研究和应用价值。目前隔水幕在美国和日本部分水库已有工程应用和研究成果,其中美国主要关注下方过流的顶部挡水幕,而日本主要关注中小型水库。国内隔水幕分层取水研究还处于起步阶段,与当前巨大的工程需求不相适应。因此,在借鉴已有国际经验的同时,也需要针对我国水库特点,尤其是诸多大型深水水库,进行自主研发,提出一套适用于我国的隔水幕分层取水理论和施工、运行、调控技术。梳理了现有水库隔水幕分层取水的研究现状,并剖析了研究及应用中存在的各类问题,并对隔水幕后续的研究及应用提出了建议。

Discharged low-temperature water in stratified reservoir in spring and summer brings about ecological and environmental problems to the downstream areas.Selective withdrawal is an effective method to mitigate this problem.As a new facility of selective withdrawal of water,temperature-control curtain has advantages of low cost,less head loss,flexible operation and convenient construction,and is of vital academic and practical significance to the construction and management of reservoir.Currently there has been some engineering application and research results concerning temperature-control curtain in the USA and Japan,while the research in China is still preliminary.In the USA,research focuses on top curtain with discharge below,while in Japan,mid-and-small-sized reservoirs are the research emphasis.In China,the demand for research in temperature-control curtain is huge.In view of this,we should work on the theory and technology for the construction,operation,and regulation of temperature-control curtain according to the characteristics of reservoirs in China,particularly,large-scale deep reservoirs.In this paper we summarize the present research and application of temperature-control curtain in stratified reservoir,analyze the research limitations,and give some advices on further research and application.