新型职业农民:成长轨迹、影响因素及培育策略——基于19个省市39位新型职业农民生命历程的分析

New Professional Farmers:The Growth Trajectory,Influencing Factors and Cultivation Strategies——Based on Content Analysis of the Life Courses of 39 New Professional Farmers in 19 Provinces

通过对全国19个省市39位优秀新型职业农民的生命历程进行分析,发现其成长轨迹呈现出折勾型、倒梯型、V字型、阶梯型以及N字型五种类型,并且不同来源、不同世代的新型职业农民成长轨迹具有一定的差异性。究其原因,新型职业农民终身发展的动力支撑显得不足;新型职业农民的个体主观能动性得到了充分的发挥;政府扶持与引领作用有待继续加强;新型职业农民培育时机并未得到恰当的把握;影响新型职业农民成长的相关利益主体分布比较广泛。针对以上情况,提出新型职业农民的培育策略:强化政府主导力量,增强新型职业农民职业吸引力;吸收年轻优秀群体,壮大新型职业农民的新生力量;重视人地实际需求,把握新型职业农民培育的时机。

By the content analysis of the life courses of 39 outstanding new professional farmers in 19 provinces,it is found that there are five types of their growth trajectory:folding hook type,inverted ladder type,V type,ladder type and N type.There are certain differences because of different sources and different generations.The reason is that the dynamic support for the lifelong development of new professional farmers is insufficient;the individual subjective initiative of new professional farmers has been given full play;government support and leading role should be continued to strengthen;the timing to cultivate new professional farmers has not been properly grasped;the related interest subjects that influence the growth of new professional farmers are widely distributed.In view of the above situation,the cultivation strategies of the new professional famers are put forward:strengthening the leading power of the government and enhancing the occupational attraction of new professional farmers;absorbing young and outstanding groups to strengthen the new forces of new professional farmers;attaching importance to the actual human and local needs,and grasping the opportunity of cultivating new professional farmers.