咀嚼与记忆相关性研究进展

Research progress on correlation between mastication and memory

咀嚼是在神经系统的支配下,通过咀嚼肌的收缩,使颞下颌关节、颌骨、牙齿及牙周组织产生节律性运动。咀嚼对脑功能乃至全身健康产生重要影响。大量流行病、临床和动物研究表明咀嚼功能与记忆有关,咀嚼时的感觉反馈可以刺激大脑,而海马是这种作用的关键靶点。海马在大脑中位于内侧颞叶,属于大脑边缘系统的一部分,是负责记忆形成的主要大脑区域。目前咀嚼影响记忆的机制研究主要关注以下三个方面:1.下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(thalamic-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴在咀嚼影响记忆中的作用。2.海马是咀嚼影响记忆的关键脑区。3.5-HT-CREB-BDNF信号通路在咀嚼功能减退引起记忆损失中的作用。本文将对近年来咀嚼与记忆相关性的研究进展作一综述。

Mastication is mainly the ingestion of food and digestion of nutrition with the help of teeth.Masticatory movement is a random and non-random rhythmic movement produced by masticatory muscles under the comprehensive control of various nervous systems.Brain plays an important role in the process of chewing.In turn,mastication has an important effect on brain function and general health.Numerous clinical and animal studies have shown that masticatory function is related to memory.Because human teeth contain masticators with sensory and memory functions,sensory feedback during mastication can stimulate the brain,and hippocampus is the key target of this function.The hippocampus,located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain,is part of the limbic system of the brain and is the main brain area responsible for memory formation.The mechanism of chewing affecting memory mainly includes the following three aspects:1.The role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis in chewing affecting memory.2.The hippocampus is the key area of the brain affecting memory by chewing.3.The role of 5-HT-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway in memory loss caused by masticatory disorders.This review will focus on the studies of the relationship between mastication and memory in recent years.